I'm sure you have read this recent report in the news media. It's not quite an accurate description of the chemical processes,....but..
" The European Union Times reports "A dire report prepared for President Medvedev by Russia’s Ministry of Natural Resources is warning today that the British Petroleum (BP) oil and gas leak in the Gulf of Mexico is about to become the worst environmental catastrophe in all of human history threatening the entire eastern half of the North American continent with “total destruction”.
The reports adds, "Russian scientists are basing their apocalyptic destruction assessment due to BP’s use of millions of gallons of the chemical dispersal agent known as Corexit 9500 which is being pumped directly into the leak of this wellhead over a mile under the Gulf of Mexico waters and designed, this report says, to keep hidden from the American public the full, and tragic, extent of this leak that is now estimated to be over 2.9 million gallons a day."
Oil in the environment is toxic at 11 PPM (parts per million). Corexit 9500 is toxic at only 2.61 PPM. But Corexit 9500 has another precarious characteristic; it’s reaction to warm water.
As the water in the Gulf of Mexico heats up, Corexit 9500 goes through a molecular transition. It changes from a liquid to a gas, which is readily absorbed by clouds and released as toxic rain. The chemical-laden rain then falls on crops, reservoirs, animals and of course, people.
It is futile to believe that we can keep ‘Corexit rain’ from occurring since it has already been released and the molecular transformation has begun. We have set off an unprecedented chain of events in nature that we cannot control.
By releasing Pandora’s well from the depths and allowing it bleed into the sea the unimaginable becomes material.
Yet unlike a bad dream, we will not wake up from this nightmare and find it gone. The BP Gulf of Mexico oil spill will be touching millions of earth’s life forms for uncountable years. "
As the water in the Gulf of Mexico heats up, Corexit 9500 goes through a molecular transition. It changes from a liquid to a gas, which is readily absorbed by clouds and released as toxic rain. The chemical-laden rain then falls on crops, reservoirs, animals and of course, people.
It is futile to believe that we can keep ‘Corexit rain’ from occurring since it has already been released and the molecular transformation has begun. We have set off an unprecedented chain of events in nature that we cannot control.
By releasing Pandora’s well from the depths and allowing it bleed into the sea the unimaginable becomes material.
Yet unlike a bad dream, we will not wake up from this nightmare and find it gone. The BP Gulf of Mexico oil spill will be touching millions of earth’s life forms for uncountable years. "
............Ok...............
Here's the link to Exxonmobils's Jim Clark and COREXIT 9500
http://www.uni-regensburg.de/Fakultaeten/nat_Fak_IV/Physikalische_Chemie/Kunz/student/Uebung_Formulierung/Clark_presentation.pdf
In this case it's all about covalent bonds.
The surfactant in 9500 is normally formulated for 1-2 day breakdown. UV breakdown.
At the surface.... But,... 9500 is made originally for surface application.
...which means it's surfactant has been re-engineered to withstand saline densities in the deep-water...which approach 35%.
...Chloride ions are also the most abundant dissolved ion in ocean water....electrolytes/electrophiles they are called in chemistry...they attack covalent bonds.
...if the surfactant can resist dissociation from electrophiles at 5k+' ..then it damn well won't photodissociate rapidly when it hits UV light at sea level. Here is a better explaination perhaps.
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Arrhenius+theory+of+dissociation
It doesn't matter where electrons come from in, in terms of the destruction of covalent bonds. It can come from industrial processes, or natural processes, like free electrons from the sun, or electrons attached to salt in seawater. It just doesn't matter. Whether their potential is strong enough to break the bonds quickly or not. It's only a matter of time. The sub-sea dispersants are the ones that last the longest. They serve only to sink the oil under the surface of the water and keep it close to the sea-floor. ...but you already know that.
Anyway..the surfactant micro-encapsulates at under the maximum threshold for water evaporation
15-50 microns.
The Hydrophilic/Lipophilic Balance..or HLB effectiveness is depth-determinant.
...in addition to that, surface dispersants are only effective if used in a 6 hour window.
http://www.slross.com/publications/mms/349AA.pdf
in addition to that...the crude IS slightly radioactive..yes, it's true, all crude is often a little radioactive in different ways.... Most often....the radioactive sludge from processing oil is pumped back underground into salt dome storage facilities....where it leaks right back into the water-tables and hydrocarbon pathways in the natural underground tectonic channels.
http://www.ead.anl.gov/project/dsp_topicdetail.cfm?topicid=16
It would behoove us all if somebody could get some readings from a Geiger counter and post them. Just let me know, if you have one and can take readings. Thx. ...moving on..
And......... those trying to discredit Russian and European scientists in general should become aware of the facts that ..
A. It was a Russian who discovered how to refine petroleum in the first place. Thank you. Sort of.
B. All of our modern industries are based on research and work done by European scientists.
C. There's a reason why The Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science is not in America.
D. There's a good reason why the leading LERN research is not done here either.
E. We never would have even made it to space without them.
F. There are many more facts.
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